Introduction - Plastics
are light weighted, durable, corrosion resistant materials, mostly
non-biodegradable , strong, and inexpensive. Scientists have reported many
adverse effects of the plastic in the environment and human health. The non- degradability nature of plastics that increases the life of
plastics. Due to this plastic pollution become as global serious problem. There are many approach to degrade
plastics but microbial degradation is one of them. There is growing concern for
use of efficient microorganisms meant for biodegradation of non-degradable
synthetic polymer. Scientists have reported that many species of bacteria and
fungi are able to degrade plastic. In this research project microbial source sample soil have taken from many locations. It is probably possible to plastic
degrading microbes may be present in soil sample. Microbes responsible for
breakdown of plastic may possible to bacteria used plastic as carbon source.
This idea helps in conversion of plastic polymers(complex organic compounds) to
simpler beneficial and non-pollutant,eco-friendly by-products in commercial manner via microbes.
Rational
approach-
In this research project target
microbes are major players. Based on various methods of degrading the plastic
or polymers microbial degradation is one of them. Methods other than microbial
degradation are unsuitable at health risk. The longevity of plastic in the
environment not to be easily degraded . Evident from scientific research microbes can degrade
plastic. Not all microbes but some of them have capability to degrade it. In
the context of biodegradation targeted microbes as eco-friendly. The
microbial world provides broad spectrum
diversity of microbes that increases the probability of plastic degrading microbes. Results show that
Biodegradation depends upon polymer characteristics(chemicals bond and
functional groups), organism type and nature of pre-treatment . The selection of targeted microbes from nature
using techniques and tools to be easy. The microbes present in the nature as
randomly. To pick up sample that
contains many microbial species , plating on nutrient media, colony selection
based on specific criteria , pure culture and testing of degradation of plastic
which used as specific carbon source. All the procedures are easy to handle
with skills and knowledge. To understand the microbial world phenomena and
beneficial approach helps in identification and characterization of particular
microbes and using for different purposes.
Objectives
–
The goal or objectives of this
research project is to reduce or
minimize the plastic pollution at global level along with to achieve commercial by-products in which plastic used
as substrate for microbes. The objectives of our research based on targeted
microbes . To find the targeted microbes in the nature or environment is the key and
crucial steps. The multifarious applications of plastic polymers play a major role in real world phenomena. The peoples of the
world using plastics everyday and their
industrial production rate in high as compared to degradation.
Technical
program- The
technical program of our research project is categorised into five major steps.
These are –
a) Sample collection
b) Preparation of BMS media for
screening of Bacillus species of bacteria
c) Serial dilution of sample
d) Plating and loading of inoculums
into BMS media
e) Screening of colony
f) Selection of colony of Bacillus
g) Culture of Bacillus in Bushnell Haas Agar and Broth
media with different types of plastics
h) Observation and Result
·
Composition of media
There are three different types of media
used in this project-
A. BMS media
B. Bushnell Haas Agar media
C. Bushnell Haas broth media
Business
plan-
Microbial based degradation of
waste plastics are amenable to start up the industries from small scale to
large scale. The economics of plastic
industries based on waste plastics may helps
in monetizing at commercial level. The
targeted microbes that decompose waste plastic(different or particular type)
may able to converts it into beneficial
by-products. The beneficial byproducts may be bioethanol. Alteration in metabolic
pathway of targeted microbes that increases bioethanol production using
recombinant DNA technology is very beneficial for production of large amount of
bioethanol and other byproducts at commercial manner. The distinct bioreactor
for bioproducts production in which plastics used as raw material or substrate or specialized carbon source for
microbes. There are various applications of bioethanol as
eco-friendly for fuels for vechiles. The waste plastic based industries
making the decision of business planning in the future.
Conclusions
:
The microbial based degradation
of waste plastic and production of byproducts at commercial level is possible. But
it is possible due to applying the considerable tools and techniques.Nature
provides all solutions of problems and it is tough job that to identify the
right location and direction of research and selection of best assumptions.
